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<title>IEC - Perguntas e respostas recentes em Generalidades</title>
<link>http://iec.elgui.net/?qa=qa/virican/generalidades</link>
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<title>Respondida: Como gerar um resumo ou abstract científico</title>
<link>http://iec.elgui.net/?qa=110/como-gerar-um-resumo-ou-abstract-cientifico&amp;show=148#a148</link>
<description>&lt;p&gt;No site do Pubmed há uma boa página de esclarecimento sobre a preparação de abstracts estruturadas. O trecho abaixo foi retirado de &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/policy/structured_abstracts.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;https://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/policy/structured_abstracts.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;grid-row&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;grid-col&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;h1&quot;&gt;Structured Abstracts&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;float: right; width: 25%;&quot;&gt;&lt;figure&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;http://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/pubmed_logo.png&quot; alt=&quot;PubMed logo&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;figcaption style=&quot;font-size: small; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;http://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/&quot;&gt;Go to PubMed&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2&gt;What are structured abstracts?&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;A structured abstract is an abstract with distinct, labeled sections (e.g., Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion) for rapid comprehension (see &lt;a name=&quot;fig1a&quot; id=&quot;fig1a&quot;&gt;Figure 1&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/policy/graphics/structured_abs_fig1a.gif&quot; alt=&quot;Screen capture of PubMed Abstract Display for a Structured Abstract (effective August 2010).&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Figure 1: PubMed Abstract Display for a Structured Abstract.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2&gt;What kinds of structures are used?&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Standardized formats for structured abstracts have been defined for original research studies, review articles and clinical practice guidelines (&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/policy/structured_abstracts.html#footnote1&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/policy/structured_abstracts.html#footnote2&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;). The IMRAD format (INTRODUCTION, METHODS, RESULTS, and DISCUSSION), a defacto standard that reflects the process of scientific discovery (&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/policy/structured_abstracts.html#footnote3&quot;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;), is commonly used as a structure for journal abstracts (&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/policy/structured_abstracts.html#footnote4&quot;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/policy/structured_abstracts.html#footnote5&quot;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;). The CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) Group issued a guideline for how to report randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in journal and conference abstracts using a structured format (&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/policy/structured_abstracts.html#footnote6&quot;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2&gt;Why use structured abstracts?&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Structured abstracts have several advantages for authors and readers. These formats were developed in the late 1980s and early 1990s to assist health professionals in selecting clinically relevant and methodologically valid journal articles. They also guide authors in summarizing the content of their manuscripts precisely, facilitate the peer-review process for manuscripts submitted for publication, and enhance computerized literature searching (&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/policy/structured_abstracts.html#footnote1&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/policy/structured_abstracts.html#footnote2&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE, of which NLM is a sitting member), whose &quot;Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals&quot; document provides general guidelines for the format of manuscripts submitted to journals, requires the use of structured abstracts for original research articles, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. ICMJE does acknowledge that the format required for structured abstracts differs from journal to journal and that some journals use more than one structure (&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/policy/structured_abstracts.html#footnote7&quot;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;</description>
<category>Generalidades</category>
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<pubDate>Wed, 23 Apr 2025 15:10:37 +0000</pubDate>
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<title>Respondida: Que práticas de sustentabilidade posso implementar no desenvolvimento de minha pesquisa?</title>
<link>http://iec.elgui.net/?qa=134/praticas-sustentabilidade-implementar-desenvolvimento&amp;show=135#a135</link>
<description>&lt;p&gt;Eis um artigo sucinto da Bio-Rad sobre o assunto:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&quot;&lt;em&gt;Best Practices for Increasing Lab Sustainability&lt;/em&gt;&quot;,&amp;nbsp; disponível &lt;a target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://www.bio-rad.com/pt-br/applications-technologies/best-practices-for-increasing-lab-sustainability?ID=5c61f310-b605-eef7-7aa0-984464a5a995&amp;amp;WT.mc_id=221108036168&amp;amp;mkt_tok=MjcyLVRITC0zMjkAAAGSJDn4tELDz0VAdu6KbRHW76zdt2UNuO_yi4C5Ii-f4NgdjIVJONAOtE_D8baoLp04T2Y6KfTOL1c-SBnDHeI0TR-4lZ9vACjsS_E7FVDvaBN4s7bBxw&quot;&gt;neste link&lt;/a&gt; ou &lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://drive.google.com/file/d/1O3jCAUn2xXzfVLewtQEo71IZfyPEF5FE/view?usp=drive_link&quot;&gt;neste PDF&lt;/a&gt; (via VC Labdocs).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
<category>Generalidades</category>
<guid isPermaLink="true">http://iec.elgui.net/?qa=134/praticas-sustentabilidade-implementar-desenvolvimento&amp;show=135#a135</guid>
<pubDate>Thu, 28 Mar 2024 15:07:27 +0000</pubDate>
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<title>Respondida: Como preparar uma figura de delineamento experimental?</title>
<link>http://iec.elgui.net/?qa=131/como-preparar-uma-figura-de-delineamento-experimental&amp;show=132#a132</link>
<description>&lt;p&gt;Essencialmente, os delineamentos experimentais para ilustrar projetos de pesquisa ou trabalhos concluídos (i.e., monografias/TCC, dissertações, teses ou manuscritos para publicação) precisam apresentar uma visão geral dos procedimentos que serão ou foram adotados no trabalho, destacando suas etapas mais importantes.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Alguns exemplos de delineamentos experimentais gerados pelo grupo estão disponíveis em &lt;a href=&quot;https://virican.net/lnk/expdesigns&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;https://virican.net/lnk/expdesigns&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Diversos softwares gráficos podem ser empregados para a preparação das figuras. Entretanto, os que são específicos para ilustração científica são mais recomendados. Abaixo cito alguns softwares comumente usados:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li&gt;Softwares de ilustração científica: &lt;a target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://www.biorender.com/&quot;&gt;BioRender&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://mindthegraph.com/&quot;&gt;Mind the Graph&lt;/a&gt;, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Softwares para apresentações: &lt;a target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://www.office.com/launch/powerpoint&quot;&gt;MS-PowerPoint&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;http://slides.new&quot;&gt;Google Slides&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://www.canva.com/&quot;&gt;Canva&lt;/a&gt;, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Editores gráficos: &lt;a target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://inkscape.org/&quot;&gt;Inksape&lt;/a&gt;, etc.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;</description>
<category>Generalidades</category>
<guid isPermaLink="true">http://iec.elgui.net/?qa=131/como-preparar-uma-figura-de-delineamento-experimental&amp;show=132#a132</guid>
<pubDate>Wed, 14 Feb 2024 15:38:24 +0000</pubDate>
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<title>Respondida: Como usar abreviações, siglas, acrônimos, etc. em textos científicos?</title>
<link>http://iec.elgui.net/?qa=106/como-usar-abreviacoes-siglas-acronimos-textos-cientificos&amp;show=119#a119</link>
<description>&lt;p&gt;Retirado de UNESP ProPeTips:&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:1rem !important&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:1rem !important&quot;&gt;&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://www2.unesp.br/portal#!/prope/apoio-ao-pesquisador/propetips/propetip-36/&quot;&gt;Propetip 36 - Acrônimos na Publicação Científica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;&gt;ACRÔNIMOS NA PUBLICAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:right&quot;&gt;Sigmar de Mello Rode&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Com o constante aumento do número de publicações e com o custo cada vez mais elevado para publicar, usar siglas, abreviaturas e acrônimos pode ser uma alternativa para diminuir o tamanho do texto e, ao mesmo tempo, tentar facilitar a leitura, uma vez que não ocorre a repetição de um termo todas as vezes que precisar se referir a ele.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Acrônimo (do grego:&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;ákron&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;- ponta, extremidade, +&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;ónyma&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;- nome) é um tipo de abreviação formada pela letra inicial, ou por mais de uma letra, de uma palavra, que associada a outras irão compor um nome ou um título que será soletrado como uma única palavra com o propósito de simplificar a comunicação. Normalmente são descritos em letras maiúsculas. Um exemplo é o termo LASER (&lt;em&gt;Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation&lt;/em&gt;), ou a própria UNESP. O problema mais comum é que as abreviaturas podem ser indefinidas ou ambíguas e, portanto, gerar confusão.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Embora tenha a intenção de simplificar, o uso generalizado e intenso de acrônimos pode dificultar, e muito, a leitura quando o leitor pode ter que ficar voltando no artigo o tempo todo para lembrar o que representa o acrônimo usado para permitir a compreensão do texto ou utilizar uma tabela para descobrir o significado. Nesse caso, o efeito é contrário, e a leitura fica muito mais difícil e pode levar a uma frustação do leitor em relação ao trabalho. Em algumas vezes pode levar a um entendimento confuso ou diferente do significado do artigo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Muitos pesquisadores já alertaram sobre o uso excessivo de acrônimos que podem causar ambiguidades, mal-entendidos e ineficiências&amp;nbsp; (Patel &amp;amp; Rashid, 2009, Narod et al., 2016, Weale et al., 2018, Lang, 2019, Barnet &amp;amp; Doubleday, 2020).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;É muito difícil estabelecer uma regra geral sobre quais acrônimos utilizar, é preciso ter bom senso. Quando trata-se do uso de acrônimos sobejamente conhecidos e utilizados (DNA, RNA, ONU) é aconselhável que sejam utilizados no texto. No entanto, quando se trata de abreviaturas pouco conhecidas ou aquelas criadas pelo próprio autor, devem ser evitadas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Barnet &amp;amp; Doubleday (2020) examinando mais de 24 milhões de artigos, publicados entre 1950 e 2019, identificaram que em mais de um milhão de siglas utilizadas, pouco mais de 2000 (0,2%) foram usadas regularmente, e a grande maioria (79%) apareceu menos de 10 vezes. Também identificaram que o mesmo acrônimo pode ter diferentes significados, dependendo de quem escreveu ou da área de conhecimento do texto. Por exemplo, Lang (2019) encontrou para o acrônimo UA em artigos médicos, 18 possíveis significados (&lt;em&gt;ulnar artery, ultrasonic arteriography, umbilical artery, upper airway,&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;etc.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Não se deve utilizar acrônimos no título do trabalho e recomenda-se também evitar ao máximo em resumos. No corpo do trabalho se o acrônimo aparecer poucas vezes no texto não é necessário usá-lo, a não ser que o termo seja mais conhecido pela sigla do que pelo significado (UNICEF, FAPESP).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;De acordo com Narod e colab. (2016) são poucos os relatos positivos sobre o uso de acrônimos na fluência da leitura, mas há fortes evidências linguísticas que eles dificultam a compreensão do texto&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Os periódicos podem reduzir o número de acrônimos, permitindo somente o uso de siglas bem reconhecidas ou estabelecer um número mínimo de repetições para justificar o uso, desde que essa informação esteja claramente descrita nas instruções aos autores. Uma outra forma de resolver o problema é, na leitura digital, utilizar hiperlink ou um software, que ao posicionar o ponteiro do mouse sobre o acrônimo, aparece o significado completo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Resumindo, seguem algumas recomendações básicas:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;1. Use abreviaturas apenas se seu significado for claro e se forem úteis;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;2. Não use acrônimos no título do trabalho e evite fortemente usar no resumo;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;3. Se a sigla/acrônimo aparecer menos de três vezes no texto não é necessário usá-la, a não ser que o termo seja mais conhecido pela sigla do que pelo significado;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;4. Usar acrônimos não evita redundância no texto nem uma leitura mais rápida;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;5. A primeira vez que o acrônimo aparecer no texto deve ser descrito por extenso, seguida da sigla entre parênteses, e não o contrário;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;6. É comum que as pessoas não comecem a ler o artigo a partir da Introdução, portanto, alguns editores recomendam que as siglas sejam apresentadas por extenso em cada nova seção do artigo. Isso inclui também figuras e tabelas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;7. Os termos Latinos “isto é” (&lt;em&gt;that is&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;- ie) e “por exemplo” (&lt;em&gt;for example&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;- eg) são muitas vezes abreviados no texto em artigos em inglês, principalmente em explicações dadas entre parênteses.&lt;strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Referências&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22author:Patel+CB%22&quot;&gt;Patel CB&lt;/a&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22author:Rashid+RM%22&quot;&gt;Rashid RM&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;(2009)&amp;nbsp;&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2008.10.035&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Averting the proliferation of acronymophilia in dermatology: effectively avoiding ADCOMSUBORDCOMPHIBSPAC&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;em&gt;Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:1rem !important&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong&gt;60&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:1rem !important&quot;&gt;:340–344.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2008.10.035&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2008.10.035&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22author:Narod+S%22&quot;&gt;Narod S&lt;/a&gt;.,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22author:Ahmed+H%22&quot;&gt;Ahmed H&lt;/a&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22author:Akbari+M%22&quot;&gt;Akbari M&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;(2016)&amp;nbsp;&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.3747/co.23.3122&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Do acronyms belong in the medical literature?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Current Oncology&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;23&lt;/strong&gt;:295–296.&lt;br&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:1rem !important&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.3747/co.23.3122&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.3747/co.23.3122&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22author:Weale+J%22&quot;&gt;Weale J&lt;/a&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22author:Soysa+R%22&quot;&gt;Soysa R&lt;/a&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22author:Yentis+SM%22&quot;&gt;Yentis SM&lt;/a&gt;(2018)&amp;nbsp;&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.14450&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use of acronyms in anaesthetic and associated investigations: appropriate or unnecessary? - the UOAIAAAIAOU study&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Anaesthesia&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;73&lt;/strong&gt;:1531–1534.&lt;br&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:1rem !important&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.14450&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.14450&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lang, T. (2019)&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;The long and the short of abbreviations&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;European Science Editing&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;45&lt;/strong&gt;:11-14.&lt;br&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color:transparent !important; color:inherit !important; font-family:inherit !important; font-size:1rem !important&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.20316/ESE.2019.45.18018&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.20316/ESE.2019.45.18018&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Barnett A, Doubleday, Z (2020)&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Meta-Research: The growth of acronyms in the scientific literature&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;eLife&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;9&lt;/strong&gt;:e60080.&lt;br&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color:transparent !important; color:inherit !important; font-family:inherit !important; font-size:1rem !important&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.60080&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.60080&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
<category>Generalidades</category>
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<pubDate>Fri, 18 Nov 2022 18:54:04 +0000</pubDate>
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<title>Respondida: Como preparar uma lista de abreviaturas?</title>
<link>http://iec.elgui.net/?qa=117/como-preparar-uma-lista-de-abreviaturas&amp;show=118#a118</link>
<description>&lt;p&gt;O recorte abaixo apresenta um bom exemplo a ser seguido. Trata-se de lista de abreviaturas na dissertação de Viviana Loureiro da Rocha, 2022 (Disponível via &lt;a href=&quot;https://osf.io/xt8n3/):&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;https://osf.io/xt8n3/):&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Lista de Abreviaturas&quot; src=&quot;https://drive.google.com/uc?export=view&amp;amp;id=1FTPqIJeS_RxJS3hThns20gRRBuElGQ9d&quot; style=&quot;height:400px; width:610px&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
<category>Generalidades</category>
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<pubDate>Wed, 15 Jun 2022 18:17:59 +0000</pubDate>
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<title>Respondida: qual a melhor maneira de apresentação gráfica de resultados?</title>
<link>http://iec.elgui.net/?qa=19/qual-melhor-maneira-de-apresentacao-grafica-de-resultados&amp;show=56#a56</link>
<description>&lt;p&gt;Eis informação bem relevante à respeito:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px; margin: 20px 0px 10px; font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; line-height: 1.1; font-size: 30px;&quot;&gt;Graphics |&amp;nbsp;&lt;a target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;http://biostat.mc.vanderbilt.edu/twiki/pub/Main/StatGraphCourse/graphscourse.pdf&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(51, 122, 183); text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;Handouts&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;| Advice from the&amp;nbsp;&lt;a target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/graphics/pgf/base/doc/generic/pgf/pgfmanual.pdf&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(51, 122, 183); text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;PGF manual&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;(chapter 6)&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;box-sizing:border-box; font-family:&amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;,sans-serif; font-size:17.5px; margin:0px 0px 10px; padding-left:0px; padding-right:0px&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px; margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;Pie charts are visual disasters&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px; margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;Bar charts with error bars are often used by researchers to&amp;nbsp;&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;http://biostat.mc.vanderbilt.edu/wiki/bin/view/Main/DynamitePlots&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(51, 122, 183); text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;hide the raw data&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;and thus are often unscientific; for continuous response variables that are skewed or have for example fewer than 15 observations per category, the raw data should almost always be&amp;nbsp;&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;http://biostat.mc.vanderbilt.edu/wiki/bin/view/Main/DynamitePlots&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(51, 122, 183); text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;shown&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;in a research paper.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px; margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;Dot charts are far better than bar charts, because they allow more categories, category names are instantly readable, and error bars can be two-sided without causing an optical illusion that distorts the perception of the length of a bar&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px; margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;Directly label categories and lines when possible, to allow the reader to avoid having to read a symbol legend&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px; margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;Multi-panel charts (dot charts, line graphs, scatterplots, box plots, CDFs, histograms, etc.) have been shown to be easier to interpret than having multiple symbols, colors, hatching, etc., within one panel&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px; margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;Displays that keep continuous variables continuous are preferred&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;&quot;&gt;Retirado de&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://biostat.mc.vanderbilt.edu/wiki/Main/ManuscriptChecklist.%C2%A0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(51, 122, 183); text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;http://biostat.mc.vanderbilt.edu/wiki/Main/ManuscriptChecklist.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;Versão para impressão do texto completo disponível&amp;nbsp;&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://drive.google.com/open?id=10xOYeKM3yli8ddm_5eBcDPb18PRJ09Tp&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(51, 122, 183); text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;neste link&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
<category>Generalidades</category>
<guid isPermaLink="true">http://iec.elgui.net/?qa=19/qual-melhor-maneira-de-apresentacao-grafica-de-resultados&amp;show=56#a56</guid>
<pubDate>Wed, 24 Oct 2018 20:11:51 +0000</pubDate>
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<title>Reagente: Carboxynaphthofuorescein diacetate</title>
<link>http://iec.elgui.net/?qa=45/reagente-carboxynaphthofuorescein-diacetate</link>
<description>&lt;hr&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#222222; font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:12.8px&quot;&gt;5(6)-Carboxynaphthofluorescein (CBNF; CAS 163831-68-3) reagent, recommended as a live cell dye to use with the&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;http://www.chem-agilent.com/pdf/5988-4323EN.pdf&quot;&gt;Agilent Cell Kit (Cat# 5067-1519)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#222222; font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:12.8px&quot;&gt;. &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#222222; font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:12.8px&quot;&gt;Product discontinued (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://www.thermofisher.com/search/results?query=C13196&quot;&gt;Thermo Cat# C13196&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#222222; font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:12.8px&quot;&gt;), but recommended in your document &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#222222; font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:12.8px&quot;&gt;Monitoring transfection efficiency by green fluorescent protein (GFP) detection with the Agilent 2100 bioanalyzer, Agilent Technologies Application Note, (2001), publication #&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;http://www.agilent.com/cs/library/applications/59887296.pdf&quot;&gt;5988-4320EN&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#222222; font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:12.8px&quot;&gt;.&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Molecular Probes #C13196 (descontinuado) -&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:helvetica neue,helvetica,roboto,segoe ui,arial,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Carboxynaphthofluorescein diacetate&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;(CNFDA) (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://www.thermofisher.com/order/catalog/en/US/adirect/lt?cmd=catProductDetail&amp;amp;entryPoint=adirect&amp;amp;productID=C13196&amp;amp;messageType=catProductDetail&quot;&gt;C13196&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:helvetica neue,helvetica,roboto,segoe ui,arial,sans-serif&quot;&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://www.thermofisher.com/search/supportSearch?type=Chemical+Structures&amp;amp;query=13196&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;structure&quot; src=&quot;https://www.thermofisher.com/content/dam/LifeTech/migration/en/images/global/icons.par.92657.image.12.12.1.struct-gif.gif&quot; style=&quot;border-style:initial; border-width:0px&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:helvetica neue,helvetica,roboto,segoe ui,arial,sans-serif&quot;&gt;), which is cleaved by intracellular esterases to yield red-fluorescent carboxynaphthofluorescein (excitation/emission maxima ~598/668 nm), is the only long-wavelength tracer of this type that can be passively loaded into live cells.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://www.thermofisher.com/search/supportSearch?query=PN32683&amp;amp;type=Citations+%26+References&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;ref&quot; src=&quot;https://www.thermofisher.com/content/dam/LifeTech/migration/en/images/global/icons.par.75032.image.23.12.1.ref-gif.gif&quot; style=&quot;border-style:initial; border-width:0px&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:helvetica neue,helvetica,roboto,segoe ui,arial,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Like chloromethyl SNARF-1 acetate, carboxynaphthofluorescein diacetate is usually used in combination with a green-fluorescent tracer for detecting cell–cell interactions.&lt;/span&gt;[&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://www.thermofisher.com/br/pt/home/references/molecular-probes-the-handbook/assays-for-cell-viability-proliferation-and-function/viability-and-cytotoxicity-assay-reagents.html&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;].&amp;nbsp;Setareh Biotech&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;Catalog ID:&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#bf07d0&quot;&gt;&lt;a rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://www.setarehbiotech.com/details.cfm?product=247&quot;&gt;6962&lt;/a&gt; -&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#323232; font-family:source sans pro,sans-serif&quot;&gt;Fluorogenic substrate for esterases which is cleaved by intracellular esterases to yield red-fluorescent&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;hr&gt;&lt;p&gt;Molecular Probes &lt;a target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://www.thermofisher.com/order/catalog/product/C653&quot;&gt;#C653 &lt;strong&gt;5-(and-6)-Carboxynaphthofluorescein, Succinimidyl Ester, mixed isomers&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;em&gt;Naphthofluorescein has &lt;strong&gt;emission maxima of approximately 670 nm&lt;/strong&gt; in aqueous solution at pH 10. The fluorescence from this dye is pH dependent (pKa ~7.6) requiring a relatively alkaline pH for maximal fluorescence. T&amp;nbsp;The amine reactive 5-(and-6)-carboxynaphthofluorescein succinimidyl ester can be used to couple this fluorophore to biomolecules of interest.&lt;br&gt;Setareh Biotech &lt;/em&gt;Catalog ID:&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#bf07d0&quot;&gt;6964&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;:&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#323232; font-family:source sans pro,sans-serif&quot;&gt;Amine-Reactive fluorescent probe for peptide or protein conjugation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Espectro: vide&amp;nbsp;&lt;a target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://www.thermofisher.com/br/pt/home/life-science/cell-analysis/labeling-chemistry/fluorescence-spectraviewer.html?SID=srch-svtool&amp;amp;UID=652p10&quot;&gt;este link&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; href=&quot;https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B2xOuWMPrivceUFTTnZPaktCaG8&quot;&gt;(Molecular probes) Handbook Ch-15 - Assays for Cell Viability, Proliferation and Function&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;</description>
<category>Generalidades</category>
<guid isPermaLink="true">http://iec.elgui.net/?qa=45/reagente-carboxynaphthofuorescein-diacetate</guid>
<pubDate>Mon, 21 Aug 2017 22:05:13 +0000</pubDate>
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<title>Posso acessar o IEC pelo celular?</title>
<link>http://iec.elgui.net/?qa=8/posso-acessar-o-iec-pelo-celular</link>
<description></description>
<category>Generalidades</category>
<guid isPermaLink="true">http://iec.elgui.net/?qa=8/posso-acessar-o-iec-pelo-celular</guid>
<pubDate>Thu, 16 Feb 2017 15:33:44 +0000</pubDate>
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